Master HTML and CSS with our comprehensive tutorial! Learn web development basics, from setting up your environment to building responsive websites. Dive into coding and programming with practical examples and exercises. Start your web development journey today!
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Hey there! Ready to build websites? This guide will take you from zero to building basic, cool websites. We'll cover everything, making web development fun and easy.
HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the foundation of every website. It's like the website's skeleton – it structures everything you see: headings, paragraphs, images, and links. Think of it as the building blocks.
CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is the styling. It's like the website's skin and clothes. CSS makes your website look good – controlling colors, fonts, spacing, and layout. It's what makes your site visually appealing.
First, you need a text editor – think of it as your writing pad. Notepad++, Sublime Text, Atom, or VS Code all work great. And you'll need a web browser (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge) to see your creation.
Make a new file named index.html. Open it in your text editor. Let's write some code!
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>My First Webpage</title> </head> <body> <p>Hello, world!</p> </body> </html>Save it! Now open index.html in your browser. You should see "Hello, world!" Congrats! You built a webpage!
HTML uses elements, which are in tags. Tags come in pairs: an opening tag (like <p>) and a closing tag (</p>). The stuff between them is the element's content.
<html>: The main container.<head>: Holds info about the page (like the title).<title>: The title you see in your browser tab.<body>: Where the visible stuff goes.<p>: Creates a paragraph.<h1> to <h6>: Headings (<h1> is biggest).<a>: Makes links.<img>: Adds images.<ul> & <ol>: Unordered (bullet) and ordered (numbered) lists.<li>: Items inside lists.Let's make our "Hello, world!" look nicer! We can add CSS directly to our HTML, or in a separate file (which is better for bigger projects).
Inline CSS is applied directly to an HTML element. It's okay for small changes, but not ideal for large projects.
<p style="color: blue; font-size: 24px;"><b>Hello, world!</b></p>Internal CSS goes inside the <style> tags in your HTML's <head> section.
<head> <title>My First Webpage</title> <style> p { color: green; font-size: 18px; } </style> </head>For bigger projects, create a separate .css file (like styles.css) and link it to your HTML.
<head> <title>My First Webpage</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> </head>Your styles.css file would contain your CSS rules:
p { color: red; font-size: 16px; }CSS uses selectors to pick HTML elements and properties to style them. For example, p { color: blue; } makes all paragraphs blue.
There are different selectors:
p, h1)..myClass).#myId).Common properties include:
color: Text color.font-size: Font size.font-family: Font type.background-color: Background color.width & height: Element dimensions.margin & padding: Spacing.Responsive design makes your website look good on phones, tablets, and desktops. You do this with CSS media queries.
@media (max-width: 768px) { p { font-size: 14px; } }This makes paragraphs smaller on screens smaller than 768 pixels.
This is just the start! Here are some great resources:
The key is practice. Build small projects, then bigger ones. Have fun and happy coding!
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